Born: July 23, 1906 Bhavra
Martyrdom: February 27, 1931 Allahabad
Achievements: Involved in Kakori Train Robbery (1926), the attempt to blow up the Viceroy’s train (1926), and the shooting of Saunders at Lahore (1928) to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai; formed Hindustan Socialist Republican Association with fellow compatriots Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru.
Full Name: Chandrashekhar Tiwari
Education: Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith
Parents: Jagrani Devi, Sitaram Tiwari
Chandra Shekhar Azad was a great Indian freedom fighter. His fierce patriotism and courage inspired others of his generation to enter freedom struggle. Chandra Sekhar Azad was the mentor Bhagat Singh, another great freedom fighter, and along with Bhagat Singh he is considered as one of the greatest revolutionaries that India has produced.
Chandra Shekhar Azad was born on July 23, 1906 in Badarka village of Unnao district in Uttar Pradesh. His parents were Pandit Sitaram Tiwari and Jagarani Devi. Pandit Sitaram Tiwari was serving in erstwhile estate of Alirajpur (situated in present day Madhya Pradesh) and Chandra Shekhar Azad’s childhood was spent in the village Bhabra. On the insistence of her mother Jagrani Devi, Chandra Shekhar Azad went to Kashi Vidyapeeth, Benaras for studying Sanskrit.
Chandra Shekhar Azad was deeply troubled by the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar in 1919. In 1921, when Mahatma Gandhi launched Non-Cooperation movement, Chandra Shekhar Azad actively participated in revolutionary activities. He received his first punishment at the age of fifteen. Chandra Shekhar was caught while indulging in revolutionary activities. When the magistrate asked him his name, he said “Azad” (meaning free). Chandra Shekhar Azad was sentenced to fifteen lashes. With each stroke of the whip the young Chandra Shekhar shouted “Bharat Mata Ki Jai“. From then on Chandra Shekhar assumed the title of Azad and came to known as Chandra Shekhar Azad. Chandra Shekhar Azad vowed that he would never be arrested by the British police and would die as free man.
After the suspension of non-cooperation movement Chandra Shekhar Azad was attracted towards more aggressive and revolutionary ideals. He committed himself to complete independence by any means. Chandra Shekhar Azad and his compatriots would target British officials known for their oppressive actions against ordinary people and freedom fighters. Chandra Shekhar Azad was involved in Kakori Train Robbery (1926), the attempt to blow up the Viceroy’s train (1926), and the shooting of Saunders at Lahore (1928) to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.
Along with Bhagat Singh and other compatriots like Sukhdev and Rajguru, Chandra Shekhar Azad formed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HRSA). HRSA was committed to complete Indian independence and socialist principles for India’s future progress.
Chandra Shekhar Azad was a terror for British police. He was on their hit list and the British police badly wanted to capture him dead or alive. On February 27, 1931 Chandra Shekhar Azad met two of his comrades at the Alfred Park Allah bad. He was betrayed by an informer who had informed the British police. The police surrounded the park and ordered Chandra Shekhar Azad to surrender. Chandra Shekhar Azad fought alone valiantly and killed three policemen. But finding himself surrounded and seeing no route for escape, Chandra Shekhar Azad shot himself. Thus he kept his pledge of not being caught alive.
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